Epistle

What is Ephesians 2 About?: From Death to New Life


Chapter Summary

Ephesians 2 is a powerful explanation of how God rescues us from a spiritual dead-end and brings us into a new family. It moves from our personal need for a Savior to the way Jesus breaks down walls between different groups of people. This chapter shows we are entirely new creations, not merely improved versions of our old selves.

Core Passages from Ephesians 2

  • Ephesians 2:8-9For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.

    These verses explain that our rescue is a gift from God, not a reward for our hard work, so that no one can brag about saving themselves.
  • Ephesians 2:10For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.

    Paul describes us as God's masterpiece, created to do the good things He planned for us long ago.
  • Ephesians 2:14For he himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility

    This verse highlights that Jesus Himself is our peace, having torn down the walls of hatred that used to keep people apart.
Finding unity and belonging in the new family of God, where love and compassion break down walls and bring people together in perfect harmony
Finding unity and belonging in the new family of God, where love and compassion break down walls and bring people together in perfect harmony

Historical & Cultural Context

The Great Rescue from Spiritual Death

Paul begins by painting a dark picture of our life before meeting Christ, describing it as being spiritually dead. He explains that we were following the ways of the world and our own selfish impulses, completely separated from God's life. This sets the stage for the incredible rescue mission God was about to launch. It is a reminder that we all started in the same place of need.

Breaking Down Walls and Building a Family

The second half of the chapter moves from our personal rescue to a global one. Paul explains how Jesus didn't just save individuals. He also destroyed the barriers between different groups of people, specifically Jews and Gentiles. Now, everyone has equal access to God through the same Spirit. We are no longer outsiders but members of God's own household.

Finding unity and reconciliation in the body of Christ, where former divisions are bridged through faith and love, as expressed in Ephesians 2:14-16, 'For he himself is our peace, who has made the two groups one and has destroyed the barrier, the dividing wall of hostility, by setting aside in his flesh the law with its commands and regulations, his purpose was to create in himself one new humanity out of the two, thus making peace, and in one body to reconcile both of them to God through the cross, by which he put to death their hostility.'
Finding unity and reconciliation in the body of Christ, where former divisions are bridged through faith and love, as expressed in Ephesians 2:14-16, 'For he himself is our peace, who has made the two groups one and has destroyed the barrier, the dividing wall of hostility, by setting aside in his flesh the law with its commands and regulations, his purpose was to create in himself one new humanity out of the two, thus making peace, and in one body to reconcile both of them to God through the cross, by which he put to death their hostility.'

The Journey from Separation to Belonging

In Ephesians 2:1-22, Paul takes the reader on a journey from the graveyard of sin to the household of God. He starts by looking at our past condition, moves to the moment of God's intervention, and ends with the beautiful result of a unified church.

The Reality of Spiritual Death  (Ephesians 2:1-3)

1 And you were dead in the trespasses and sins
2 in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience -
3 among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.

Commentary:

Before Christ, we were spiritually dead and followed our own selfish desires.

Paul explains that without Christ, we are like the walking dead, driven by selfish desires and influenced by a world that ignores God. This is not merely about making mistakes. It is about a fundamental lack of spiritual life. We were all in the same boat, following our own path and facing the consequences of being separated from our Creator.

The Gift of New Life  (Ephesians 2:4-10)

4 But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us,
5 even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ - by grace you have been saved -
6 and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,
7 so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.
8 For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,
9 not a result of works, so that no one may boast.
10 For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.

Commentary:

God's mercy made us alive with Christ, giving us salvation as a free gift.

This section contains the famous 'But God' moment where mercy takes over. Paul emphasizes that we are saved by grace - God's kindness we didn't earn - so that we can live out the good things He planned for us. We are His workmanship, which means we are like a piece of art He is carefully crafting for a purpose.

From Outsiders to Insiders  (Ephesians 2:11-13)

11 Therefore remember that at one time you Gentiles in the flesh, called “the uncircumcision” by what is called the circumcision, which is made in the flesh by hands -
12 remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.
13 But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far off have been brought near by the blood of Christ.

Commentary:

People who were once far from God have been brought near through Jesus.

Paul reminds the non-Jewish readers that they were once excluded from God's special promises to Israel. They were strangers with no hope and no connection to God. However, through the sacrifice of Jesus, those who were once far off have been brought into the inner circle and given a place at the table.

Jesus Our Peace  (Ephesians 2:14-18)

14 For he himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility
15 by abolishing the law of commandments expressed in ordinances, that he might create in himself one new man in place of the two, so making peace,
16 and might reconcile us both to God in one body through the cross, thereby killing the hostility.
17 And he came and preached peace to you who were far off and peace to those who were near.
18 For through him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father.

Commentary:

Jesus destroyed the walls of hostility to bring peace and unity to everyone.

Jesus is described as the one who ends the hostility between different groups of people. By fulfilling the old religious laws that kept people apart, He created a brand new way for everyone to come to the Father as one body. He did not only bring peace. He is our peace, making us one new humanity.

The Household of God  (Ephesians 2:19-22)

19 So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God,
20 built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone,
21 in whom the whole structure, being joined together, grows into a holy temple in the Lord.
22 In him you also are being built together into a dwelling place for God by the Spirit.

Commentary:

We are all being built together into a holy temple where God lives.

The chapter ends with a beautiful image of a building where every believer is a stone. Jesus is the cornerstone that holds everything together, and the whole structure is where God's Spirit lives. We are no longer strangers or foreigners, but fellow citizens and members of God's own family.

The Foundations of Our New Identity

Grace as a Gift

Salvation is a gift of kindness from God that cannot be earned by being good enough or following rules. It is something we receive through faith, ensuring that all the credit goes to God's love rather than our own efforts.

Reconciliation and Peace

Jesus fixes the broken relationship between God and humans, and also between different groups of people who used to be enemies. He kills the hostility and replaces it with a shared access to the Father through the Holy Spirit.

God's Masterpiece

We are described as God's workmanship, meaning He is personally involved in shaping our lives. We are created in Christ to do good works that He specifically prepared for us to do.

Finding unity and reconciliation in the body of Christ, where divisive walls are broken down and people from all walks of life are brought together in love and harmony, as expressed in Ephesians 2:14, 'For he himself is our peace, who has made the two groups one and has destroyed the barrier, the dividing wall of hostility.'
Finding unity and reconciliation in the body of Christ, where divisive walls are broken down and people from all walks of life are brought together in love and harmony, as expressed in Ephesians 2:14, 'For he himself is our peace, who has made the two groups one and has destroyed the barrier, the dividing wall of hostility.'

Living Out the Message of Ephesians 2

How does knowing I was spiritually dead change my view of God?

It makes you realize you did not only need a little help. You needed a total resurrection. This leads to a heart full of gratitude because you know your life and your relationship with God are complete gifts from Him as seen in Ephesians 2:4-5.

If I'm saved by grace and not works, why should I do good things?

Good works are the result of your salvation, not the cause of it. According to Ephesians 2:10, you do them because God has already made you His masterpiece and prepared a path for you to walk in as a response to His love.

How can I help break down walls in my own community?

You can follow the example of Jesus in Ephesians 2:14 by seeking peace with people who are different from you. Since Jesus has already removed the spiritual barriers, you can work to remove social and personal barriers through love and forgiveness.

God's Grace Brings Life and Unity

Paul declares that God's grace is the bridge from death to life and from division to unity. In Jesus - the living Word who is our peace - God's character, purpose, and mercy are made visible to a broken world. The message is both eternal and personal: the Creator has stepped in to rescue us, inviting us to live as members of His household and as His unique masterpiece.

What This Means for Us Today

Faith begins by letting go of the need to earn God's love and accepting the gift He freely gives. Ephesians 2 invites us to step into the peace Jesus has already won and to live as part of His new, unified family.

  • Where are you still trying to earn your way with God instead of resting in His grace?
  • Who is someone different from you that you can reach out to in peace this week?
  • How does being called God's masterpiece change the way you see yourself today?
Finding unity and belonging not in our earthly identities, but in our shared spiritual heritage as children of God, as expressed in Ephesians 2:19-22, 'So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God, built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone, in whom the whole structure, being joined together, grows into a holy temple in the Lord.'
Finding unity and belonging not in our earthly identities, but in our shared spiritual heritage as children of God, as expressed in Ephesians 2:19-22, 'So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God, built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone, in whom the whole structure, being joined together, grows into a holy temple in the Lord.'

Further Reading

Immediate Context

This chapter lists the incredible spiritual blessings we have in Christ before explaining how we were saved.

Paul continues by explaining the mystery of how all people are now part of the same body in Christ.

Connections Across Scripture

Explains how we have peace with God through Jesus even while we were still sinners.

Reinforces the idea that in Christ, there are no more barriers of race, status, or gender.

Discussion Questions

  • Paul uses the word dead to describe us before Christ. Why is "dead" a more powerful word than "lost" or "confused"?
  • If salvation is a gift we didn't earn, how does that change the way we treat people who don't believe yet?
  • What are some dividing walls in our modern world that the message of Jesus being our peace could help tear down?

Glossary